This report analyses the various actors in the provision of Internet connection and the role played by each one, as well as the bottlenecks that can lead to inefficiencies and associated costs in the sub-Saharan Africa. It also sets out concrete recommendations to enable conditions for healthy and dynamic competition in the market as well as for the reduction of the cost of Internet connectivity at the international level. It also proposes measures to encourage use of the Internet, and to promote development of local content especially in developing countries.