This report provides case studies for planning, implementation, operation and maintenance of telecommunications/ICTs in rural and remote areas. It adresses the various challenges that constitute the development of telecommunications/ICTs in rural and remote areas, especially in the context of developing countries, and provides examples of the dedicated policies, initiatives and government subsidies that are implemented in countries around the world. While the consideration of technical, economic and geographical aspects of each project is essential, developing countries face numerous challenges, the lack of local demand and available revenue streams, which may delay the commercial deployment of telecommunications /ICTs in rural and remote areas. As for telecommunications technologies, there is no definite measure for the choice of technologies, and thus various technologies that could be best suited for each location are to be assessed. ITU studies show that a growth in services has happened most rapidly where regulatory enablers have been put in place to leverage the latest technologies and innovations. Consistent, forward-looking, updated and well-enforced regulation provides for a vibrant market and benefits both service providers and consumers.