The mobile communications field continues to grow rapidly, as more and more 3G/IMT-2000 networks are deployed. The increasingly intimate nature of the mobile phone and its use as a key platform for content delivery raises important regulatory concerns. Convergence between the broadcasting and telecommunication industries is cited as one of the key challenges that both regulators and industry will have to face in the coming years. The research presented in this publication made up the background materials for discussion at the ITU New Initiatives Programme Workshop on "The Regulatory Environment for Future Mobile Multimedia Services" held in Mainz, Germany, from 21 to 23 June 2006, jointly hosted by ITU and the Federal Network Agency of Germany.